Coffee varieties

Once brewed, coffee may be served in a variety of ways.

Espresso-based coffee has many presentations and milk or non-dairy milk is added in various forms.

An Espresso is served alone as a shot or short black. One shot of espresso prepared with 7 grams of ground coffee in a single portafilter. The shot should be 1 ounce of liquid.

A Double Espresso is two shots of espresso with the same amount of all other ingredients. Two shots of espresso prepared with 14 grams of ground coffee in a double portafilter. The double espresso shot should be about 1.5 ounces.

Cappuccino is traditionally equal parts espresso, steamed milk and frothed milk i.e. made in thirds — 1/3 espresso, 1/3 steamed milk, 1/3 foam. The milk and foam should be blended or mixed to create a thick, creamy, smooth texture.

A Cafè Macchiato is typically a cappuccino but with the steamed milk component missing ie only espresso and a dollop of hot frothed milk foam and the ratio of cafe/latte is approximately 80/20. Macchiato means spotted or stained i.e. the espresso is “stained” with foam. This can be made as a single or a double.

A Caffè Latte is a single shot of espresso with steamed, not frothed milk i.e. 1/3 espresso, 2/3 hot milk, thin layer of foam.

A Cafè au Lait is similar to a Caffè Latte except it is generally made with strong filtered or brewed coffee instead of espresso and warmed milk in a ratio of 1:1 milk to coffee with sugar added.

A Caffè Americano is a single shot of espresso with 6 to 8 ounces of hot water added.

A Long Black is made by pouring a double espresso into an equal portion of water, retaining the crema, unlike Caffè Americano.

A Mocha is a milky espresso with either hot chocolate or chocolate syrup added.

A Flat White is prepared by adding steamed hot milk (micro-foam) to a shot or two of espresso so that the flavour is brought out and the texture is unusually velvety i.e. 1/3 espresso, 2/3 steamed milk, super thin layer of micro-foam.

An Iced Coffee is a cup of ice with hot-drip coffee poured over it and a double shot of espresso tops it off.

An Espresso Con Panna is a shot of espresso with whipped cream.

An Affagato is an espresso with a dollop of ice cream on top.

Alcohol can be added to coffee – whiskey in an Irish Coffee and Kahlúa, Tia Maria and other liqueurs in Liqueur Coffee.